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Organofluorine compounds. --- Composés organiques fluorés --- Composes organiques fluores --- Chemistry. --- Organic chemistry. --- Optics. --- Optoelectronics. --- Plasmons (Physics). --- Organic Chemistry. --- Optics, Optoelectronics, Plasmonics and Optical Devices. --- Composés organiques fluorés --- Organofluorine compounds --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Organic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Fluorine organic compounds --- Fluorine compounds --- Organohalogen compounds

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This volume on Advanced Electronic Technologies and Systems based on Low­ Dimensional Quantum Devices closes a three years series of NATO -AS!' s. The first year was focused on the fundamental properties and applications. The second year was devoted to Devices Based on Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures. The third year is covering Systems Based on Low-Dimensional Quantum Semiconductor Devices. The three volumes containing the lectures given at the three successive NATO -ASI's constitute a complete review on the latest advances in semiconductor Science and Technology from the methods of fabrication of the quantum structures through the fundamental physics am basic knowledge of properties and projection of performances to the technology of devices and systems. In the first volume: " Fabrication, Properties and Application of Low Dimensional Semiconductors" are described the practical ways in which quantum structures are produced, the present status of the technology, difficulties encountered, and advances to be expected. The basic theory of Quantum Wells, Double Quantum Wells and Superlattices is introduced and the fundamental aspects of their optical properties are presented. The effect of reduction of dimensionality on lattice dynamics of quantum structures is also discussed. In the second volume: " Devices Based on Low Dimensional Structures" the fundamentals of quantum structures and devices in the two major fields: Electro-Optical Devices and Pseudomorphic High Eectron Mobility Transistors are extensively discussed.

Optoelectronic devices --- Congresses --- Quantum electronics --- Switching circuits --- Materials --- Quantum wells --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Computer hardware. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Electronic circuits. --- Electrical engineering. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Computer Hardware. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences

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This Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals is the revised edition of the previous book published in 1991. It provides a complete description of the properties and applications of nonlinear optical crystals. In addition, it presents the most important equations for calculating the main parameteres of nonlinear frequency converters. This comprehensive current reference book is now updated and will be of great value to all scientists and engineers working in nonlinear optics, quantum electronics and laser physics.

621.375 --- 621.375 Amplifiers --- Amplifiers --- Crystals --- Laser materials --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical materials --- Lasers --- Materials --- Crystallography --- Powders --- Solids --- Optics --- Optics, Nonlinear --- Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Crystallography. --- Engineering. --- Materials science. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods. --- Engineering, general. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Leptology --- Mineralogy --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Nonlinear optics - Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Crystals - Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Laser materials - Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Optical materials - Handbooks, manuals, etc

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Shuji Nakamura recently developed the first commercially available blue and green light emitting diodes. Subsequently he demonstrated the first blue semiconductor laser based on GaN. GaN and its related compounds allow the fabrication of highly efficient light emitters and lasers ranging from red through yellow and green to blue in a single material system. In this book the physical concept and basic manufacturing technology of these new blue light emitting diodes and laser diodes are discussed. The breakthrough in GaN technology opens many new commercial applications for semiconductors, comprising displays, road and railway signalling, lighting, scanners, optical data storage, and much more. This book also gives information on the extraordinary realization of an extremely successful concept of research and development through Nakamura's work. The book appeals to researchers as well as to engineers.

Optics. Quantum optics --- Electronics --- Gallium nitride --- Semiconductor lasers --- Diodes, Semiconductor --- Light emitting diodes --- Blue light --- 621.375 --- Lasers --- LEDs (Light emitting diodes) --- Electroluminescent devices --- LED lamps --- Light-emitting electrochemical cells --- Gallium compounds --- Nitrides --- Crystal diodes --- Diodes, Crystal --- Semiconductor diodes --- Semiconductors --- Light, Blue --- Light, Colored --- Amplifiers --- Blue light. --- Diodes, Semiconductor. --- Gallium nitride. --- Light emitting diodes. --- Semiconductor lasers. --- 621.375 Amplifiers --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Quantum optics. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Quantum Optics. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Materials --- Photons --- Quantum theory --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators

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This book is addressed to designers of photodetectors and photodetecting systems, designers of focal plane arrays, charge-coupled devices, specialists in IR technologies, designers of optoelectronic detecting, guiding and tracking systems, systems for IR direction finders, lidars, lightwave communication systems, IR imagers. All these specialists are united by one common purpose: they are all striving to catch the weakest possible optical signal. The most important characteristic of photosensitive devices is their detectivity, which determines the lowest level of optical signal they are able to detect above the noise level. These threshold characteristics define the most important tactical and technical parameters of the entire optoelectronic system, such as its range, resolution, precision. The threshold characteristics of optoelectronic system depend on many of its components; all designers agree, however, that the critically responsible part of the system is the photodetector [1]. By the end of the 1960s the physicists and the engineers were able to overcome many obstacles and to create photodetectors (at least single-element or few-element ones) which covered all the main optical bands (0. 4 . . . 2,2 . . . 3, 3 . . . 5,8 . . . 14 J. . Lm), carried out the detection almost without any loss (the quantum yield being as high as 0. 7 . . . 0. 9), and reduced the noise level to the lowest possible limit.

Charge coupled devices. --- Focal planes. --- Optical detectors. --- Optoelectronic devices. --- Signal processing. --- Charge coupled devices --- Focal planes --- Optical detectors --- Optoelectronic devices --- Signal processing --- Photo electric devices --- Photo electronic devices --- Photoelectronic devices --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Optical instruments --- Electrooptical devices --- Integrated optics --- Light-sensitive cells --- Light-sensitive detectors --- Light sensor photodevices --- Photodetectors --- Photodevices, Light sensor --- Photoelectric detectors --- Photosensors --- Detectors --- Optical transducers --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Planes, Focal --- Optics --- CCD (Electronics) --- Image converters --- Integrated circuits --- Charge transfer devices (Electronics) --- Metal oxide semiconductors --- Equipment and supplies --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Electrical engineering. --- Optical data processing. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Automotive engineering. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Automotive Engineering. --- Electronic materials --- Materials --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Photonics --- Computers --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- New optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Optical equipment --- Photonic devices --- Photonic instruments